The question of the management of marine genetic resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) is framed, in the international negotiations on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in ABNJ, by abstract legal issues. The central conflict is related to the question on whether marine genetic resources in ABNJ are governed by the principle of common heritage of mankind or by the principle of freedom of the high seas. Instead of focusing on this specific legal issue, several States favoured the adoption of a practical approach and proposals were developed for an effective management of marine genetic resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction.